Over the last decade, many countries have increased their investment in automatic enforcement and in parallel reduced the manpower focussed on human enforcement of road safety, in the face of other demands on police time. An attempt will be made to assess trends in police activity and its effects on safety in each country although this is extremely difficult to measure. Changes in attitudes to enforcement over a similar period will be tracked. Both changes have probably been most marked in the area of speed enforcement. Evidence of changes in other potentially unsafe behaviours will be sought.